What constitutes sexual abuse in the second degree?

The definition of sexual abuse in the second degree involves actions that exploit an individual's inability to consent. This is crucial because consent is a foundational legal requirement in any sexual encounter; if an individual cannot provide valid consent due to factors such as age, mental incapacity, or impairment, engaging in sexual contact with that individual is considered a serious violation of the law.

In this context, option A addresses the critical element of consent and recognizes the victim's vulnerability. It highlights the legal responsibility to protect individuals who may be unable to understand or agree to sexual activity, thus categorizing the act as sexual abuse.

The other options do not appropriately define sexual abuse in the second degree. Engaging in sexual contact with a person over 18 typically implies consent if the individual is legally able to give it. Consenting to sexual acts with someone under a specific age (like 16) could potentially be legal depending on various factors, but it does not align with the definition of second-degree sexual abuse. Lastly, enticing someone to commit sodomy, while a serious offense, does not directly describe the elements of sexual abuse in the second degree as it does not focus on the incapacity to consent.